Knocks, bruises, bumps
A few definitions:
Contusion: bruising caused by a knock which does not break the skin or fracture the bone. A contusion can be of variable severity and may be accompanied by hematomas or internal damage.
On the body, a contusion is reflected by ecchymosis, an effusion of blood within the thickness of the skin.
Ecchymosis: a superficial effusion of blood collecting under the skin and forming a visible mark. An ecchymosis, more commonly known as a “bruise”, is almost always caused by trauma.
An ecchymosis is reflected by the development of a red, blue or black mark, which is relatively extensive and does not disappear when pressed. The colour changes to green, then yellow, before disappearing in a few days.
Bruise: a small, local subcutaneous haemorrhage occurring after a trauma. Most are not serious. A blue mark develops, which turns green, then yellow, before disappearing.
Haematoma: a collection of blood in an organ or tissue following a haemorrhage. Like an ecchymosis, a haematoma is almost always caused by trauma. However it can occur after a very slight impact or spontaneously in the event of overdose of anticoagulant medications. In the majority of cases, the haematoma disappears on its own.
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